Bioseguridad y autocuidado: prioridad en la formación universitaria en momentos de pandemia / Biosafety and self-care: a priority in university training during pandemic times

Introducción: La bioseguridad y el autocuidado son dos prácticas importantes en el proceso de formación. Estas deben reforzarse permanentemente, ya que se relacionan de manera directa no solo con el riesgo de infecciones, sino con la calidad de la atención. Objetivo: Identificar la evidencia científica sobre los procesos de formación en bioseguridad y autocuidado en el marco de la pandemia. Métodos: Se hizo una revisión de la literatura científica publicada entre 2016 y 2020 sobre medidas de bioseguridad y autocuidado. La búsqueda se realizó en español, inglés y portugués, en la Biblioteca Virtual en Salud, Pubmed, Science Direct y el motor de búsqueda de Google Académico. Se aplicó la metodología PRISMA y se evaluaron en total 25 artículos científicos. Resultados: El año 2020 tuvo mayor frecuencia. La generalidad de los estudios se realizó en el contexto universitario en programas de salud. La higiene de las manos y el uso de guantes fueron las medidas de bioseguridad más informadas; mientras que las medidas de precaución se conocen e implementan. Las publicaciones denotan moderado conocimiento en cuanto a prevención de factores de riesgos biológicos, especialmente en prácticas clínicas. Conclusiones: En los procesos de formación debe tenerse en cuenta la relevancia de reforzar las medidas de bioseguridad y autocuidado para favorecer el ejercicio profesional. Es importante diseñar y repensar estos procesos, tanto en docentes como estudiantes, a través de nuevos métodos y cambios curriculares. La salud mental puede verse afectada no solo por la situación, sino por desconocimiento, miedo a infectarse y sobrecarga laboral(AU)

Introduction: Biosafety and self-care are two important practices in the training process. These should be permanently reinforced, since they are directly related not only to the risk of infections, but also to the quality of care. Objective: To identify the scientific evidence on the biosafety and self-care training processes in the context of the pandemic. Methods: A review of the scientific literature published between 2016 and 2020 on biosafety and self-care measures was carried out. The search was performed in Spanish, English and Portuguese, in the Virtual Health Library, PubMed, Science Direct, and the Google Scholar search engine. The PRISMA methodology was applied and a total of 25 scientific articles were assessed. Results: The year 2020 had the highest frequency. Most of the studies were carried out in the university context in health programs. Hand hygiene and glove-wearing were the most reported biosafety measures, while warning measures are known and implemented. The publications are indicative of moderate knowledge regarding prevention of biological risk factors, especially in clinical practices. Conclusions: The relevance of reinforcing biosafety and self-care measures to favor professional practice should be taken into account in training processes. It is important to design and rethink these processes, both in professors and students, through new methods and curricular changes. Mental health may be affected not only by the situation, but also by ignorance, fear of infection and work overload(AU)

The Practice of Pediatric Cardiac Anesthesiology in the United States.

BACKGROUND: With advances in surgical and catheter-based interventions and technologies in patients with congenital heart disease (CHD), the practice of pediatric cardiac anesthesiology has evolved in parallel with pediatric cardiac surgery and pediatric cardiology as a distinct subspecialty over the past 80 years. To date, there has not been an analysis of the distribution of pediatric cardiac anesthesiologists relative to cardiac and noncardiac procedures in the pediatric population. The primary aim is to report the results of a survey and its subsequent analysis to describe the distribution of pediatric cardiac anesthesiologists relative to pediatric cardiac procedures that include surgical interventions, cardiac catheterization procedures, imaging studies (echocardiography, magnetic resonance, computed tomography, positron emission tomography), and noncardiac procedures. METHODS: A survey developed in Research Electronic Data Capture (REDcap) was sent to the identifiable division chiefs/cardiac directors of 113 pediatric cardiac anesthesia programs in the United States. Data regarding cardiac surgical patients and procedures were collected from the Society of Thoracic Surgeons Congenital Heart Surgery Database (STS-CHD). RESULTS: This analysis reveals that only 38% (117 of 307) of pediatric cardiac anesthesiologists caring for patients with CHD pursued additional training in pediatric cardiac anesthesiology, while 44% (136 of 307) have gained experience during their clinical practice. Other providers have pursued different training pathways such as adult cardiac anesthesiology or pediatric critical care. Based on this survey, pediatric cardiac anesthesiologists devote 35% (interquartile range [IQR], 20%-50%) of clinical time to the care of patients in the cardiac operating room, 25% (20%-35%) of time to the care of patients in the cardiac catheterization laboratory, 10% (5%-10%) to patient care in imaging locations, and 15% covering general pediatric, adult, or cardiac patients undergoing noncardiac procedures. Attempts to actively recruit pediatric cardiac anesthesiologists were reported by 49.2% (29 of 59) of the institutions surveyed. Impending retirement of staff was anticipated in 17% (10 of 59) of the institutions, while loss of staff to relocation was anticipated in 3.4% (2 of 59) of institutions. Thirty-seven percent of institutions reported that they anticipated no immediate changes in current staffing levels. CONCLUSIONS: The majority of currently practicing pediatric cardiac anesthesiologists have not completed a fellowship training in the subspecialty. There is, and will continue to be, a need for subspecialty training to meet increasing demand for services especially with increase survival of this patient population and to replace retiring members of the workforce.

Abordagem dialógica de competência: pressupostos e percurso metodológico para a construção de perfis na área da Saúde / Abordaje dialógico de competencia: presuposiciones y recorrido metodológico para la construcción de perfiles en el área de la salud / Dialogic approach to competence: assumptions and methodological path for the construction of profiles in the health area

Esta investigação teórica apresenta a abordagem dialógica de competência e seus princípios e métodos para a construção de perfis profissionais. De modo distinto às concepções que focalizam elementos isolados da competência, a abordagem dialógica está baseada em referencial integrador e propõe áreas de competência que caracterizam núcleo e campo no exercício profissional. Essa abordagem reconhece a existência de diferentes visões sobre competência profissional que devem ser analisadas e dialogadas. O perfil competente, construído como metapontos de vista, traduz combinações contextualizadas de conhecimentos, habilidades, atitudes e valores, que expressam excelência na atuação profissional, com vistas à formação, à certificação e à Educação Permanente de profissionais de saúde. O texto analisa a coerência entre as práticas assim sistematizadas e a elaboração de atividades profissionais confiáveis.(AU)

Esta investigación teórica presenta el abordaje dialógico de competencia, sus principios y métodos para la construcción de perfiles profesionales. De forma diferente a las concepciones que focalizan elementos aislados de la competencia, el abordaje dialógico se basa en un referencial integrador y propone áreas de competencia que caracterizan núcleo y campo en el ejercicio profesional. Ese abordaje reconoce la existencia de diferentes visiones sobre competencia profesional que deben analizarse y dialogarse. El perfil competente, construido como metapuntos de vista, traduce combinaciones contextualizadas de conocimientos, habilidades, actitudes y valores que expresan excelencia en la actuación profesional, con el objetivo de formación, certificación y educación permanentes de profesionales de la salud. El texto analiza la coherencia entre las prácticas sistematizadas de tal forma y la elaboración de actividades profesionales confiables.(AU)

This theoretical investigation presents the dialogic approach to competence, its principles, and methods for the construction of professional profiles. Unlike conceptions that focus on isolated elements of competence, the dialogic approach is based on an integrative framework and proposes areas of competence that characterize core and field in professional practice. This approach recognizes the existence of different views on professional competence that must be analyzed and discussed. A set of strategies, devices, and methods capable of triangulating these views and systematizing professional activities is presented. The competent profile, built as a meta point of view, translates contextualized combinations of knowledge, skills, attitudes, and values that express excellence in professional performance, with a view to training, certification, and continuing education of health professionals. The text analyzes the coherence between practices systematized in the way proposed here and the development of entrustable professional activities.(AU)

Interface entre a saúde mental de crianças e adolescentes e a atuação clínica do farmacêutico: um estudo qualitativo / The interface between child and adolescent mental health and clinical pharmacy: a qualitative study / Interfaz entre la salud mental de niños y adolescentes y la actuación clínica del farmacéutico: un estudio cualitativo

O estudo objetivou analisar a percepção do farmacêutico sobre a sua atuação clínica em Centros de Atenção Psicossocial Infantojuvenil (CAPSi). Foi realizado estudo qualitativo, por meio de entrevistas on-line individuais e semiestruturadas com seis farmacêuticas de CAPSi. As entrevistas foram gravadas, transcritas, analisadas e categorizadas segundo o método de análise de conteúdo. As categorias temáticas foram "Equipe multidisciplinar e as diferentes formas de produção de cuidado", "Inserção do farmacêutico no serviço", "Aspectos que se relacionam ao uso de psicofármacos" e "Nuances do trabalho farmacêutico em rede na infância e adolescência". Os resultados mostram uma gradual mudança de paradigma da atuação do farmacêutico em direção ao cuidado da pessoa em sofrimento mental, culminando em ampla atuação na equipe multidisciplinar. Apesar disso, foi apontada a necessidade de documentos que guiem a atuação clínica deste profissional com o público infantojuvenil.(AU)

This study analyzes pharmacists' perceptions of clinical pharmacy in child and adolescent psychosocial care centers (CAPSi). We conducted a qualitative study with six pharmacists working in CAPSis using online semi-structured interviews. The interviews were recorded, transcribed, analyzed, and categorized using content analysis. The thematic categories were: "Multidisciplinary team and different forms of care delivery"; "The integration of pharmacists into services"; "Aspects linked to the use of psychotropic drugs"; and "The nuances of the network-based approach to pharmaceutical care for children and adolescents". The findings show a gradual shift in the paradigm of clinical pharmacy towards care for people with mental suffering, culminating in pharmacists playing a broad role within a multidisciplinary team. However, the results also highlight the need for documents that provide guidance on pharmaceutical care for children and adolescents.(AU)

El objetivo del estudio fue analizar la percepción del farmacéutico sobre su actuación clínica en Centros de Atención Psicosocial Infantojuvenil (CAPSi). Se realizó un estudio cualitativo, por medio de entrevistas online individuales y semiestructuradas con seis farmacéuticas de CAPSi. Las entrevistas se grabaron, transcribieron, analizaron y categorizaron según el método de análisis de contenido. Las categorías temáticas fueron: Equipo multidisciplinario y las diferentes formas de producción de cuidado"; "La inserción del farmacéutico en el servicio"; "Aspectos relacionados con el uso de psicofármacos"; y "Los matices del trabajo farmacéutico en red en la infancia y adolescencia". Los resultados muestran un cambio gradual de paradigma de la actuación del farmacéutico en dirección hacia el cuidado de la persona en sufrimiento mental, culminando en una amplia actuación en el equipo multidisciplinario. A pesar de ello, se señaló la necesidad de documentos que guíen la actuación clínica de este profesional con el público infantojuvenil.(AU)

A conceptual framework for contemporary professional foot care practice: ''The value based digital foot care framework''.

BACKGROUND: A small minority of countries around the globe have podiatry as a recognized profession, hence, there are considerable differences among these countries when it comes to the curricula, the duration of training and legislation regulating the profession. The growth in research led evidence based practice, and the emerging digital landscape of health care practice, occur alongside trends in disease and health behaviours that strongly impact on foot health. As such, the changing complex role of the podiatrist requires critical reflection on current frameworks of practice and whether they are fit for purpose. This commentary presents a conceptual framework which sets the scene for further development of concepts in a podiatry context, reflecting contemporary health care beliefs and the changing expectations of health care and society. The proposed conceptual framework for podiatry practice utilizes the metaphor of an electronic circuit to reflect the vast and complex interconnections between factors that affect practice and professional behaviours. The framework helps in portraying and defining drivers of practice, actual practice as well potential barriers for current and future practice. The circuit emphasis the interconnectedness/interaction of three clusters: 1) internal factors, 2) interaction factors, 3) external factors. CONCLUSION: Whatever promise this new framework holds, it will only be realised through conscious development of community consensus, respectful dialogue, constructive critical appraisal, and maintaining passion and focus on improving the health of people with foot related problems.

Aportes de la formación doctoral en la enfermería cubana / Contributions of Doctoral Training in Cuban Nursing

Introducción: La formación doctoral constituye una necesidad para la consolidación de la práctica de enfermería. Objetivo: Exponer los resultados alcanzados en Cuba por los profesionales de la enfermería durante la formación doctoral. Métodos: Se realizó un estudio descriptivo en el periodo 2005- 2018. Se analizaron los 57 egresados de las diferentes áreas de conocimiento: uno de Ciencias de la Comunicación, seis de Ciencias de la Salud, cinco de Ciencias de la Educación Médica, 23 de Ciencias Pedagógicas y 22 de Ciencias de la Enfermería. La fuente de información fueron las tesis doctorales. Resultados: Se obtuvieron resultados que constituyeron aportes a las diferentes áreas de conocimiento, entre ellos: metodologías para definición de funciones de enfermería, la identificación de competencias en el área de la neonatología y el desarrollo de capacidades para la realización de investigaciones en políticas y sistemas de salud. También se aportaron modelos teóricos de práctica para la atención a pacientes con afecciones oftalmológicas, la provisión de cuidados humanizados a la mujer durante el trabajo de parto y parto, la atención los pacientes con afecciones traumatológicas y ortopédicas y la consolidación de la relación enfermera-paciente-cuidador, en el servicio hospitalizado de geriatría. Conclusión: Los resultados aportados favorecen el ejercicio interdisciplinar durante la práctica y también suponen nuevos retos, que aún requieren incrementar el número de doctores en ciencias y para ello, consolidar el vínculo del pregrado y el posgrado(AU)

Introduction: Doctoral training is a necessity for the consolidation of nursing practice. Objective: To present the results achieved in Cuba by nursing professionals during doctoral training. Methods: A descriptive study was carried out in the period 2005-2018. The 57 graduates from the different areas of knowledge were analyzed: one of Communication Sciences, six of Health Sciences, five of Medical Education Sciences, 23 of Pedagogical Sciences and 22 of Nursing Sciences. The source of information was the doctoral theses. Results: Results were obtained that constituted contributions to the different areas of knowledge; for example, methodologies for defining nursing functions, the identification of competences in the area of neonatology, and the development of capacities to carry out research on policies and systems of health. Theoretical models of practice were also provided for the care of patients with ophthalmological conditions, the provision of humanized care to women during labor and delivery, the care of patients with trauma and orthopedic conditions, and the consolidation of the nurse-patient-caregiver relationship in the hospitalized geriatric service. Conclusion: The results provided improve interdisciplinary praxis during professional performance and also represents new challenges, which still require increasing the number of doctor of sciences and, in view of this, consolidating the link between the undergraduate and postgraduate levels(AU)

Contact lens education for the practitioners of the future.

The World Health Organization has identified a shortage of trained human resources as one of the greatest challenges to increasing the availability of eye care services and reducing preventable visual impairment around the world. Increased prevalence of myopia and new strategies for myopia management have raised the prospect of various interventions, including contact lenses for therapeutic use as well as for refractive correction. More personnel skilled in contact lens fitting will be needed to address potential worldwide demand for these interventions. This review investigates the current status and future requirements of global contact lens education in light of these developments. The COVD-19 pandemic led educational institutions worldwide to move towards online delivery. An online survey among 546 educators, conducted in May 2020, investigated changes to contact lens education delivery before and after the onset of the pandemic. A total of 214 responses were received from 32 countries. Prior to COVID-19 restrictions, 23% of educators had conducted more than 50% of their total teaching online; however, 69% expected to conduct more than half of their teaching online by the end of 2020 and 12% anticipated 90% or more of their teaching would be online. Some 76% of educators expected to provide more online lectures after the pandemic and 63% anticipated new methods to deliver practical education. Around half were planning to introduce new teaching online platforms (54%) and more online assessment methods (53%). The global need for increasing numbers of skilled personnel points to a crucial role for educators in teaching the contact lens practitioners of the future. Contact lens education delivery was already evolving prior to COVID-19, and changes that are currently occurring may lead to permanent differences in the way contact lenses are taught in future. The International Association of Contact Lens Educators (IACLE) provides educators with a standardised global curriculum, online resources and teaching technology that could also serve as a model for wider ophthalmic education in future.

Evaluar medicamentos también es una actividad clínica / Drug evaluation is also a clinical activity

La especialidad de Farmacia Hospitalaria incorporó con el cuarto año de su programa formativo una parte importante de rotación por unidades clínicas de hospitalización en las que el farmacéutico en formación, acompañado de farmacéuticos especialistas, tiene la oportunidad de trabajar conjuntamente con otros profesionales en la atención directa al paciente. Además de contribuir a esta atención con sus conocimientos de farmacoterapia y farmacocinética, el farmacéutico de hospital puede y debe aportar al equipo su liderazgo en evaluación, selección y posicionamiento de medicamentos. Ningún profesional conoce como él los aspectos relativos a la eficacia o efectividad, seguridad y eficiencia de los tratamientos, y estos conocimientos constituyen una actividad clínica más de las que debe desempeñar en los equipos multidisciplinares, ayudando a la toma de decisiones sobre medicamentos en cada paciente. Es necesario que tanto desde los organismos públicos como desde nuestra propia profesión se ponga en valor este papel y que se potencie de forma adecuada

The addition of a fourth year to the hospital pharmacy residency program has allowed trainees to rotate through various inpatient clinical units where they can, under the supervision of a specialist pharmacist, work shoulder to shoulder with other healthcare providers to ensure that patients receive the care they need. In addition to sharing their pharmacotherapeutic and pharmacokinetic knowledge (among others) with their colleagues, hospital pharmacists can and should contribute with their expertise in the areas of drug evaluation, selection and positioning. As no other healthcare professional masters like a pharmacist the intricacies of treatment efficacy or effectiveness, or of therapeutic safety, conveying this knowledge is yet another of the many clinical activities a hospital pharmacist must perform as a member of a multidisciplinary team, while assisting fellow-team members in deciding what medications are best suited to each patient. Both the public authorities and the pharmaceutical profession as a whole should make sure the pharmacist's role is rightfully valued and given the recognition it deserves

The state of professionalisation of midwifery in Belgium: A discussion paper.

AIM: To describe the state of the professionalisation of midwifery in Belgium, and to formulate recommendations for advancing the midwifery profession. METHODS: A descriptive overview of maternity care in Belgium and the professionalisation of midwifery through an analysis of relevant policy and academic texts, underpinned by Greenwood's sociological criteria for a profession: (1) own body of knowledge, (2) recognised authority, (3) broader community sanctions, (4) own code of ethics and (5) professional culture sustained by formal professional associations. From these insights, recommendations for advancing the midwifery profession in Belgium are formulated. FINDINGS: Current strengths of the professionalisation of midwifery in Belgium included unified midwifery education programmes, progress in midwifery research and overarching national documents for guiding midwifery education, practice and regulation. In contrast however challenges, such as the limited recognition of midwives' roles by its clientele, limitations of midwives' competencies and autonomy, lacking development of advanced roles in maternity care practice and a lack of unity of the organisation and its members, were also identified. Based on these, recommendations are made to strengthen Belgian midwifery. CONCLUSIONS: Recommendations for advancing the midwifery profession in Belgium includes in particular increasing public awareness of midwives' roles and competencies, implementing the full scope of midwifery practice and monitoring and advancing this practice. Thus, professional autonomy over both midwifery practice and working conditions should be enhanced. United midwifery organisations, together with women's groups, other maternity care professionals and policy-makers as equal partners are key to bring about changes in the Belgian maternity care landscape.

A Place for the Professional Introduction in Practice.

This article describes a survey exploring the use of professional introductions by nurses.For this project, a survey inquiring about introduction practices was administered to nurses attending a regional research conference.

Opioid Misuse and Overdose: Changes in Pharmacist Practices and Outcomes.

BACKGROUND: Continuing education (CE) provides educational opportunities for health professionals to adequately respond to issues in practice but infrequently evaluate sustained practice change. The opioid epidemic has risen to the forefront of health priorities in our nation. The Opioid and Naloxone Education (ONE Rx) CE program provides pharmacists the opportunity to expand their abilities and impact in the opioid crisis. METHODS: ONE Rx CE included risk assessment for opioid misuse/overdose, role of naloxone, disease of addiction, and communication strategies for patients and providers. Pharmacists who completed the CE screened patients and provided interventions over 12 months. CE participants were provided presurveys, postsurveys, and delayed postsurveys coordinated with the educational program. The Kirkpatrick Model was used to evaluate the effectiveness of the program by examining the four levels of assessment: reaction, commitment, behavior, and results. RESULTS: The Kirkpatrick Model was used to evaluate the impact of the CE. Reaction: 97% of respondents recommended the ONE Rx program. Commitment: 77% of respondents indicated commitment to provide ONE Rx opioid risk screening and interventions to patients. Behavior: Twelve months after training, pharmacists registered to prescribe naloxone increased by 67% and the number of pharmacists reporting naloxone dispensing doubled from 23% to 46%. OUTCOMES: Pharmacist interventions included medication take back programs explained (88.4%), naloxone dispensing to high-risk patients (10.9%), and discussion of opioid use disorder with patients with risk factors (49%). CONCLUSION: By using the Kirkpatrick Model, the ONE Rx CE program demonstrated high-quality opioid and naloxone education to pharmacists. Survey results and opioid harm reduction interventions indicate the CE resulted in sustained pharmacy practice behavior change.

Private Equity Investments in Women's Health and Obstetrics and Gynecology Practices.

Private equity has evolved into a major force in health care, with deal values and volumes rising year-over-year as these firms purchase hospital systems and physician groups. Historically, these investors have played an outsized role in highly reimbursed specialties such as dermatology and anesthesia. Private equity is relatively new to women's health; when it has invested in this sector, it has typically done so in fertility services. In recent years, however, private equity firms have ventured into general obstetrics and gynecology, drawn by its promise of steady returns, its fragmented landscape, and the potential to integrate related laboratory, ultrasound, and fertility services into obstetric care. Obstetrics and gynecology practices may soon face the prospect of acquisition by private equity firms offering professional management, centralized back-office functions, streamlined customer service, and the capital needed to reach a broader patient base. However, physicians may have concerns about the tradeoffs that accompany private equity acquisitions. Private equity-owned practices have been known to increase the use of lucrative services, deploy advanced practice professionals in place of physicians, and circumvent conflict-of-interest laws, potentially distorting clinical care and driving up costs for consumers. Furthermore, firms generally aim to exit their investment within a 3- to 7-year timeframe, and short-term growth plans may leave physician-owners with uncertain long-term management. As private equity makes headway into women's health, physicians and policymakers must pay closer attention to how this activity can change practice patterns and transform local health care markets while also demanding transparency in the process.

[Digital morphology analyzers in hematology: a French survey]. / État des lieux des pratiques d'utilisation du microscope automatisé en hématologie en France.

Digital morphology hematology analyzers are becoming more prevalent in laboratories Aims: investigate practices and assess the benefits and limits of digital automated microscopy in hematology. METHODS: questionnaire sent by e-mail in 2018 to French public and private laboratories. RESULTS: out of 118 responses (56 private, 62 public), 117 participants had a CellaVision® microscope, 1 had a West Medica®. Practices were sometimes different, especially in the choice of smears to be digitized or for quality controls (16.1% had internal quality controls, 48.3% external quality controls); 62.1% never used the red blood cell (RBC) characterization tool; the number of cells counted varied from 100 to 400. The study reported a high rate of agreement for these benefits: traceability (95.7%), staff training (94.1%), eye strain (91.4%), risk of error (87.2%), time saving (83.6%). Among the disadvantages, apart from the inadequate search for platelets clumps (93.2%), the agreement rates were often lower: adaptation to digital images (61.2%), difficult assessment of atypical morphologies (49.6%) or RBC morphology (49.6%). CONCLUSION: despite well-established benefits, standardization of practices and technical improvement are still needed.

Road to Recovery: COVID-19 Tests, Bends, and Breaks Texas Practices.

Ricardo Garza, MD, was still walking the tightrope: standing, but unable to withstand another gust of wind. COVID-19 swept away about 35% of the San Antonio solo cardiologist's practice revenue, and that was just what he could calculate as he waited for insurers to process straggling claims. But he had returned to in-office operations without any layoffs. While some practices are surviving - and trying their best to prepare for future threats - others weren't so lucky. On-the-ground experiences align with the Texas Medical Association's Practice Viability Survey in showing COVID-19 was, and still is, a disruptor unlike any other - challenging or torpedoing the viability of various practice types.

Deployment of Artificial Intelligence in Real-World Practice: Opportunity and Challenge.

Artificial intelligence has rapidly evolved from the experimental phase to the implementation phase in many image-driven clinical disciplines, including ophthalmology. A combination of the increasing availability of large datasets and computing power with revolutionary progress in deep learning has created unprecedented opportunities for major breakthrough improvements in the performance and accuracy of automated diagnoses that primarily focus on image recognition and feature detection. Such an automated disease classification would significantly improve the accessibility, efficiency, and cost-effectiveness of eye care systems where it is less dependent on human input, potentially enabling diagnosis to be cheaper, quicker, and more consistent. Although this technology will have a profound impact on clinical flow and practice patterns sooner or later, translating such a technology into clinical practice is challenging and requires similar levels of accountability and effectiveness as any new medication or medical device due to the potential problems of bias, and ethical, medical, and legal issues that might arise. The objective of this review is to summarize the opportunities and challenges of this transition and to facilitate the integration of artificial intelligence (AI) into routine clinical practice based on our best understanding and experience in this area.

Concurrentes en pandemia: Proyecto fotográfico para concurrentes en Salud Mental

Proyecto de una construcción fotográfica colectiva, donde los concurrentes en los servicios de salud mental documenten su desempeño durante la pandemia de Covid-19.

[SFBC working group "Biochemical markers of COVID-19"]. / Groupe de travail SFBC « Marqueurs biochimiques de COVID-19 ¼.

The SARS-CoV-2 virus is responsible for an epidemic disease called COVID-19, which was initially evidenced in Wuhan, China, and spread very rapidly in China and around the world. In France, the first isolated case seems now to be reported in December 2019, stage 3 of the COVID-19 epidemic was triggered on March 14th, the start of the planned containment exit from May 11th. Healthcare services have faced a large influx of patients who may be beyond their capacity to receive and care, particularly in the Large-East and Ile-de-France regions. Some patients show an evolution of the disease never observed before with other coronaviruses and develop in a few days a very important inflammatory reaction, which can lead to death of patients. A working group of the French Society of Clinical Biology (SFBC) was set up with the objective of providing updated information on the current status of the biological prescriptions (focusing on biochemistry ones) and their evolution during the epidemic, and of analyzing the biological parameters associated with comorbidities and patient evolution in order to link biological results with medical events. The expanded working group covers all sectors of medical biology in France and extends to the French-speaking world: hospital sectors (CHU and CH, Army Training Hospitals) and the private sector opening a field of view on the biological situation in establishments for dependent elderly, social establishments and clinical medical institutions. The purpose of this article is the presentation of this working group and its immediate and future actions.